to get off
to put on
to take off
to call up
to turn on
to turn off
right away
to pick up
at once
1.to get on : (to enter, board)
【說明:】
to get on(搭乘,上車) 動詞get的用法很多,常常在後面接用各種不同的介係詞或副詞而形成意義不同的習語。這裏的on是介係詞,後面的bus和subway用作它的受詞。如果on作副詞用,則有進步,英文翻譯,相處甚好,與年事已長的意思。
【例:】
(1) I always get on the bus at 34th Street.
我總是在34街搭乘公共汽車。
(2) William gets on the subway at the same station every morning.
威廉每天早晨在同一車站搭乘地下火車。
2.to get off : (to leave, descend from)
【說明:】
to get off (下車)與上面的get on相反。Get off也有好些其它的意義,如寄出,離開等。下車也可以用alight from或get out of a carriage或motor car, 不過下電車或公共汽車多用get off .
【例:】
(1) Helen got off the bus at 42nd Street.
海倫在42街下公共汽車。
(2) At what station do you usually get off the subway?
你通常在那一站下地下火車?
3.to put on: (to place on oneself-said particularly of clothes)
【說明:】
to put on (穿,戴)特別指穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽、戴眼鏡也用這個成語。英文中還有wear和dress二字也是穿的意思。可是wear是繼續的動作,表示穿著的狀態,而put on是一時的動作。下面兩個句子都是錯的:
I shall wear my overcoat before I go out (應用put on). In such cold weather I put on my overcoat all day (應用wear).dress的意思是
①put clothes on後面的受詞一定是人,如dress a child, dress oneself, be dressed in white,
②put on clothes, vk Get up and dress quickly. (快點起來穿好衣服。)
【例:】
(1) Mary put on her hat and left the room.
瑪麗戴上她的帽子就離開這屋子。
(2) Why is John putting on his hat and coat?
約翰為什麼穿衣戴帽呢?
4.to take off : (to remove-said also of clothes)
【說明:】to take off (脫去)與put on 的意義相反,指脫去衣物鞋帽.民可以用put off, 但較不通用。
【例:】
(1) John took off his hat as he entered the room.
約翰在這屋時脫下他的帽子。
(2) Is Helen taking off her coat because it is too warm in the room?
海倫是不是因為室內太暖和而脫去她的外衣呢?
5.to call up: (to telephone)
【說明:】to call up (打電話給……)後面一定要有受詞,也就是接電話的人。如果受詞是代名詞的話,常插在call與up 之間。
【例:】
(1) I forgot to call up Mr. Jones yesterday although I promised to call him up exactly at three o’clock.
我昨天忘記打電話給鍾斯先生,雖然我答應了在三點鍾的時候打電話給他的。
(2) Did anyone call me up while I was out?
我出去的時候有人打電話來找我嗎?
6.to turn on : (to start, begin)
【說明:】to turn on (扭開,打開)指扭開電燈,電爐,電扇,煤氣等的按鈕或開關,以及自來水的水龍頭等而言。開電燈也可以用put on the light.
【例:】
(1) Please turn on the light. This room is dark.
請你扭開電燈,這房間太黑暗了。
(2) Someone turned on the radiator in this room while we were out.
我們外出時,有人把房內的電爐扭開了。
7.to turn off : (to stop,英翻中, terminate extinguish)
【說明:】
to turn off (關閉,停止)指扭熄電燈,關閉無線電、自來水等。關燈也可以用put out the light.
【例:】
(1) Please turn off the light. We do not need it now.
請把電燈關了,我們現在不需要它。
(2) Shall I turn off the radio or are you still listening to it?
我可以把收音機關掉嗎,你是不是還要收聽呢?
8.right away : (immediately, at once, very soon)
【說明:】right away (立刻,馬上)為美國口頭語,沒有immediately與at once正式, 係一副詞片語,與right now (exactly now )的意思相仿。
【例:】
(1) She says that dinner will be ready right away.
她說晚餐馬上就准備好了。
(2) Can William e to my office right away?
威廉能夠立刻就到我的辦公室來嗎?
9.to pick up : (to take-especially with fingers)
【說明:】to pick up (拾起,揀起)尤指用手指把東西拿起業而言。To pick up還有很多 其它的用法。如
①讓人搭便車:
The motorist picked up a couple of servicemen along the highway .
(這個乘汽車的人在公路上讓兩個軍人搭乘便車。)
②聽會,自然壆會,(言語,游戲等):
He never studied French; what he knows he picked up while living in France.
(他從來沒有壆過法文,越南文翻譯;他所知道的是他住在法國的時候聽會的。)
③捉住,逮捕,萍水相逢便行訂交,選出:
I picked up London last night.
(昨晚我在無線電聽到了倫敦的播音。)
【例:】
(1) John Picked up the newspaper which was on his desk.
約翰把書桌上的報紙拿了起來。
(2) Why didn’t you pick up that pencil which lay on the floor?
你為什麼不把地板上的那枝鈆筆拾起來呢?
10.at once: (immediately, very soon, right away)
【說明:】at once (立刻,馬上)為一級通用的副詞片語,也可以作為同時(simultaneously) 解,如:
This book is at once interesting and structive. (此書既有趣又有益。)
【例:】
(1) He asked me to e to his office at once.
他請我立刻就到他的辦公室去。
(2) I want you to send this telegram at once.
我希望你馬上把這電報發出去
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